Understanding the multiscale mechanisms that enable the emergence of complex brain dynamics associated with wakefulness and cognition while departing from low-complexity, highly synchronized states such as sleep, is key to the development of reliable monitors of brain state transitions and consciousness levels during physiological and pathological states. In a state of low excitability, the cortical network, both in vivo and in vitro, expresses it “default activity pattern”, slow oscillations, a state of low complexity and high synchronization. In the transition from deep sleep, anesthesia or coma states to wakefulness, there are profound changes in cortical interactions both in the temporal and the spatial domains.

Sanchez-Vives Neuroscience 2019, 20(Suppl 1):K3 Sanchez-Vives IDIBAPS and ICREA, Systems Neuroscience, Barcelona, Spain Correspondence: Maria V. I will also discuss the relationships between intra-cortical myelination, brain networks and anatomical patterns of expression of risk genes for schizophrenia. Functional MRI indicates strengthening of initially weak connectivity of subcortical nuclei and association cortex. Structural MRI, including putative markers of myelination, indicates changes in local anatomy and connectivity of association cortical network hubs during adolescence. I will review some of the recent neuroimaging discoveries concerning adolescent development, focusing on an accelerated longitudinal study of ~ 300 healthy young people (aged 14–25 years) each scanned twice using MRI. The adolescent transition from childhood to young adulthood is an important phase of human brain development and a period of increased risk for incidence of psychotic disorders.

Ed Bullmore University of Cambridge, Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge, United Kingdom Correspondence: Ed Bullmore Neuroscience 2019, 20(Suppl 1):K1

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